CHALLENGES OF MIDDLE-CLASS FORMATION IN GEORGIA

Paata Koghuashvili

E-mail: paata_koguashvili@hotmail.com

Professor at Georgian Technical University

Tbilisi, Georgia

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6491-9460

Ramaz Otinashvili

E-mail: R. Otinashvili@gtu.ge

Professor at Georgian Technical University

Tbilisi, Georgia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7892-6159

Abstract: At the modern stage of Georgia's development, a series of challenges have appeared, which require a complex analysis of the historical background, with the calculation of quality, transition procedures and mechanics, in order to realize the social energy of the household in a positive direction. Building materials are formed on the basis of the middle layer. In a democratic government, it comprises 70-80% of the population and has a transparent office. These are mainly entrepreneurs and intelligentsia employed in legal business, who create the so-called Protest democracy, which is "dangerous" for non-democratic government.

It is difficult to separate the middle class by any single sign. It is necessary to introduce “integral criterion”, which includes a set of quantitative and qualitative signs characteristic of the mentioned layer. Why do they live like that – do they have the appropriate professional-cultural capital and how do they use it to ensure a decent standard of living. Unfortunately, in Georgia, there is little tendency to form a capable middle class. We cannot consider the existing social structure of the population as sustainable. Civil society and democracy develop with the introduction of market institutions and healthy competition in the private sector, the conditions of which are still weak in our country.

Keywords: civil society, state, middle class, competition, democracy.

JEL classification: J00, J11