Industry 4.0 and digital transformation of maritime logistics in Georgian ports

Emzar Gvarishvili

E-mail:e.gvarishvili@bnu.edu.ge

Batumi Navigation University

Batumi, Georgia

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-3259-9048

This paper investigates integrated scenarios for digital transformation and managerial decision optimization in Georgia's maritime ports -specifically the ports of Batumi and Poti - within the Industry 4.0 framework. Four strategic scenarios (S1–S4) were developed, reflecting different levels of digital integration from minimal to full digitization. The analysis draws on World Bank Logistics Performance Index data, European port benchmarks, and primary research findings. The study concludes that Scenario S4 (hybrid digitization via public-private partnership) represents the optimal strategy for Georgian ports, yielding an ROI of 275–330% over a 5-year horizon and a 47–54% increase in operational efficiency. The article provides concrete actionable recommendations for managers and policymakers.